A Prospective Comparative Study between Implantable Phakic Intraocular Contact Lens and Implantable Collamer Lens in Treatment of Myopia in Adults.

Purpose: To compare implantable collamer lenses (ICLs) and acrylic implantable phakic contact lenses (IPCLs) in the treatment of myopia in adults, as regards refractive outcome and adverse effects. Methods: Prospective, randomized comparative study with phakic intraocular lenses (IOLs) was carried out for treatment of myopia. Patients were randomized into two groups: one for ICL and the other for IPCL. Preoperative assessments included a full examination, pentacam, endothelial cell count, and biometry. We compared the adverse effects and refractive outcomes between both groups. The study was registered in clinical trials and the registration number is NCT04624035. Results: Sixty eyes of sixty patients (28 in the ICL group and 32 in the IPCL group) with a follow-up period of 12 months. The mean preoperative spherical equivalent was -12.7 ± 3.4 D and -13.6 ± 4.4 D in the ICL and IPCL groups, respectively (P=0.37). The mean postoperative spherical equivalent value was ±0.4 ± 0.2 D and ±0.6 ± 0.1 D in the ICL and IPCL groups, respectively. Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) has improved from 1.3 ± 0.06 to 0.15 ± 0.02 Log MAR in the ICL group (P < 0.001) and from 1.3 ± 0.02 to 0.15 ± 0.01 Log MAR in the IPCL group (P < 0.001). The mean endothelial cell count was reduced by 3.3% in the IPCL group and by 3.2% in the IPCL group. Conclusion: Both ICL and IPCL are effective methods to correct high myopia in adults with no statistically significant differences between the two lenses as regarding adverse effects.

Consistency of Visual Evoked Potential in Extraocular Manifestations of Behcet Disease and Impact of Corticosteroid Treatment.

PURPOSE: To study the ability of pattern reversal visual evoked potentials (VEPs) to detect subclinical visual pathway pathologic assessment in Behcet disease (BD) and correlate VEP results in BD with disease activity and response to corticosteroid treatment. METHODS: This study included 18 patients (36 eyes) with BD without recent ocular manifestations and 20 healthy controls (40 eyes). Clinical history was taken, and clinical examinations were done. Visual evoked potential recordings were performed by an electromyographic evoked machine for patients and controls. Corticosteroids were given to patients with extraocular activity, and VEP was repeated after clinical and laboratory improvement of the manifestations. RESULTS: p100 latency of VEP was prolonged in 8 patients (11 eyes) (44.4% of cases). Mean p100 latency showed statistically significant prolongations in BD group compared with the control group (106.7 ± 8.1 ms vs. 99.6 ± 1.9 ms) with P value < 0.001. There was a positive correlation between p100 latency and the disease activity score (r = 0.8673), whereas there was no correlation between p100 latency and the disease duration (r = 0.00072). Patients treated with corticosteroids showed statistically significant reduction in mean p100 latency after treatment (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Visual evoked potential may be a valuable tool for detecting subclinical neurologic affection in BD.

Correction of pseudophakic presbyopia using Lasik with aspheric ablation profiles and a micro-monovision protocol.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcomes of Lasik with aspheric ablation profiles and a micro-monovision protocol for correction of presbyopia in pseudophakic patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study included 50 pseudophakic eyes of 25 patients. Full ophthalmic examination, dominant eye tests and tests for tolerance of anisometropia (1 or 2 diopters) were done preoperatively. All cases were treated by Lasik with laser-blended vision technique. The dominant eye corrected to plano, and the nondominant eye corrected with near add in the range from 1.50 to 2.00 diopters. Excimer laser ablation was done using the MEL90 with a 250-Hz pulse rate (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany, Triple-A profile, Lasik mode). The follow-up period was 6 months with visits at 1, 3 and 6 months postoperatively. RESULTS: The mean postoperative uncorrected distant visual acuity at 1 month (0.74 ± 0.11) was significantly lower than the preoperative level (0.84 ± 0.14) (p < 0.001). But it improved at the 3rd (0.80 ± 0.09) and 6th months (0.82 ± 0.10) with no significant difference with the preoperative level (p = 0.344). The mean uncorrected near visual acuity was significantly higher at the 1st (2.94 ± 1.63 J), 3rd (2.95 ± 1.82 J) and 6th (2.92 ± 1.83 J) postoperative months than the preoperative level (2.26 ± 1.48 J) (p < 0.001). Insignificant change in stereopsis was found after surgery (p = 0.849). The micro-monovision was well tolerated (95.8%). CONCLUSION: Lasik with aspheric ablation profiles and a micro-monovision protocol is an effective option for presbyopia correction in pseudophakic patients.

Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) intravitreal injection combined with argon laser photocoagulation for treatment of optic disc pit maculopathy.

PURPOSE: To evaluate clinical efficacy of combined sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) gas tamponade and laser photocoagulation for optic disc pit maculopathy (ODPM). METHODS: Eleven eyes of nine patients with optic disc pit maculopathy were treated with intravitreal injection of 0.6 ml 100% sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) combined with laser photocoagulation treatment. Patients were followed up for a mean of 28.54 months (range of 14-57 months) after treatment. The anatomical success was shown by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and the functional outcome was judged by best corrected visual acuity. RESULTS: Treatment with SF6 gas tamponade followed by laser photocoagulation in OPDM patients resulted in resolution of subretinal fluid (SRF) in 82% of eyes after single injection. Repeated injection was needed in two eyes to achieve resolution of SRF. Visual acuity improved significantly from a mean of 0.83 ± 0.14 logMAR preoperatively to a mean of 0.26 ± 0.11 logMAR postoperatively. Visual acuity stayed stable throughout the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: SF6 gas tamponade combined with laser photocoagulation represents simple, effective, minimally invasive treatment option for ODPM without vitreomacular traction. Repeated injection was required in some patients.

Immune modulator therapy compared with vitrectomy for management of complicated intermediate uveitis: a prospective, randomized clinical study.

PURPOSE: To compare the benefits and side effects of pars plana vitrectomy with those of systemic immune modulator therapy for patients with complicated intermediate uveitis. METHODS: This prospective clinical trial enrolled patients with recurrent intermediate uveitis who exhibited minimal improvement of visual acuity, despite injections of periocular steroids. Twenty patients were randomized to the pars plana vitrectomy group or oral steroid and cyclosporine-A group (10 eyes of 10 patients per group). Follow-up was performed for 24 months to study changes in visual acuity, binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy score, fluorescein angiography, and optical coherence tomography findings. RESULTS: Visual acuity (logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution) significantly improved from 0.71 to 0.42 (p=0.001) in the surgical group, whereas it improved from 0.68 to 0.43 (p=0.001) in the immune modulator therapy group. Seven patients (70%) in the surgical group gained ≥2 lines, and six patients (60%) in the immune modulator therapy group gained ≥2 lines (p=0.970). Fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography studies showed that six of seven pars plana vitrectomy patients who had cystoid macular edema experienced improvement, whereas two patients with diffuse macular edema did not experience improvement. In the immune modulator therapy group, three of six patients with cystoid macular edema did not experience improvement, whereas two patients with diffuse macular edema experienced improvement. CONCLUSIONS: Pars plana vitrectomy and immune modulator therapy resulted in significant improvement in visual function in patients with persistent inflammation secondary to chronic intermediate uveitis. Despite this success, there remains a need for the determination of optimal indications for the use of each modality. Immune modulator therapy was successful for the treatment of diffuse macular edema associated with chronic intermediate uveitis, whereas pars plana vitrectomy was not.

Immune modulator therapy compared with vitrectomy for management of complicated intermediate uveitis: a prospective, randomized clinical study / Terapia com imunomodulador ou vitrectomia para manejo de uveíte intermediária complicada: estudo clínico prospectivo e randomizado

ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare the benefits and side effects of pars plana vitrectomy with those of systemic immune modulator therapy for patients with complicated intermediate uveitis. Methods: This prospective clinical trial enrolled patients with recurrent intermediate uveitis who exhibited minimal improvement of visual acuity, despite injections of periocular steroids. Twenty patients were randomized to the pars plana vitrectomy group or oral steroid and cyclosporine-A group (10 eyes of 10 patients per group). Follow-up was performed for 24 months to study changes in visual acuity, binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy score, fluorescein angiography, and optical coherence tomography findings. Results: Visual acuity (logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution) significantly improved from 0.71 to 0.42 (p=0.001) in the surgical group, whereas it improved from 0.68 to 0.43 (p=0.001) in the immune modulator therapy group. Seven patients (70%) in the surgical group gained ≥2 lines, and six patients (60%) in the immune modulator therapy group gained ≥2 lines (p=0.970). Fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography studies showed that six of seven pars plana vitrectomy patients who had cystoid macular edema experienced improvement, whereas two patients with diffuse macular edema did not experience improvement. In the immune modulator therapy group, three of six patients with cystoid macular edema did not experience improvement, whereas two patients with diffuse macular edema experienced improvement. Conclusions: Pars plana vitrectomy and immune modulator therapy resulted in significant improvement in visual function in patients with persistent inflammation secondary to chronic intermediate uveitis. Despite this success, there remains a need for the determination of optimal indications for the use of each modality. Immune modulator therapy was successful for the treatment of diffuse macular edema associated with chronic intermediate uveitis, whereas pars plana vitrectomy was not.

RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar os benefícios e efeitos co laterais da vitrectomia via pars plana com os da terapia imunomo duladora sistêmica em pacientes com uveíte intermediária complicada. Métodos: Estudo clínico prospectivo incluiu pacientes com uveíte intermediária recorrente que apresentaram melhora minima da acuidade visual, apesar das injeções perioculares de esteroides. Vinte pacientes foram randomizados para o grupo de vitrectomia via pars plana ou esteróide oral e ciclosporina A (10 olhos de 10 pacientes por grupo). O acompanhamento foi de 24 meses para estudar al te rações na acuidade visual, o escore da oftalmoscopia binocular indireta, a angiofluoresceinografia e achados na to mográfica de coerência óptica. Resultados: A acuidade visual (logaritmo do ângulo mínimo de resolução) melhorou significativamente de 0,71 para 0,42 (p=0,001) no grupo cirúrgico, enquanto melhorou de 0,68 para 0,43 (p=0,001) no grupo da terapia imunomoduladora. Sete pacientes (70%) no grupo cirúrgico ganharam ≥2 linhas e seis pacientes (60%) no grupo da terapia imunomoduladora ganharam ≥2 linhas (p=0,970). Os estudos de angiofluoresceinografia e tomografia de coerência óptica mostraram que seis dos sete pacientes da vitrectomia via pars plana que apresentaram edema macular cistóide melhoraram, enquanto dois pacientes com edema macular difuso não apresentaram melhora. No grupo da terapia imunomoduladora, três dos seis pacientes com edema macular cistoide não apresentaram melhora, enquanto dois pacientes com edema macular difuso melhoraram. Conclusões: A vitrectomia via pars plana e a terapia imunomoduladora resultaram em melhora significative da função visual dos pacientes com inflamação persistente secundária a uveíte intermediária crônica. Apesar desse sucesso, continua sendo necessário determinar as melhores indicações para o uso de cada modalidade. A terapia imunomoduladora foi bem sucedida no tratamento do edema macular difuso associado à uveíte intermediária crônica, enquanto a vitrectomia via pars plana não foi.

Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Primary Osteoarthritis Egyptian Patients.

INTRODUCTION: Both primary osteoarthritis (OA) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) cause disability in old people. This study aimed to detect the relation between primary osteoarthritis and age-related macular degeneration in a sample of geriatric Egyptian population. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 222 primary OA patients. Medical history, musculoskeletal examination, body mass index (BMI) calculation, and ophthalmological examination, radiographs of anteroposterior view and weight-bearing position for both hips and both knees and posteroanterior view for hands, Kellgren and Lawrence grading score for radiological severity of OA, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and fundus fluorescence angiography FFA for evaluation of the macula were done. AMD was classified into early, intermediate, and late. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. RESULTS: Forty-six OA patients had AMD [19 cases had early, 15 cases had intermediate and 12 cases with late (7 neovascular (NV) and 5 geographic atrophy (GA))]. There was a significant correlation between AMD stages and OA grading score. There were significant differences between OA patient with AMD and those without AMD regarding age, disease duration, disease severity, family history of OA, daily mild exercise and calcium, and vitamin D intake. Multivariable analysis revealed that older age, more severe OA, low exercise and less calcium and vitamin D intake were considered independent risk factors for AMD development in primary OA. CONCLUSION: Primary OA patients are more liable to AMD due to common risk factors and related pathogenesis. Ophthalmological follow up of those patients is recommended.

Comparison of IOP Measurement by Goldmann Applanation Tonometer, ICare Rebound Tonometer, and Tono-Pen in Keratoconus Patients after MyoRing Implantation.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the different IOP readings by Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT), ICare rebound tonometer, and Tono-Pen in keratoconus patients after MyoRing implantation. To assess the influence of central corneal thickness (CCT) and thinnest corneal location (TCL) on IOP measurements by different tonometers. SETTING: Prospective observational study was conducted in two private centers in Egypt from February 2015 to November 2016. METHODS: Seventeen eyes of 10 patients suffering from keratoconus and who underwent MyoRing implantation were recruited. All subjects underwent GAT, ICare, and Tono-Pen IOP measurements in random order. Central corneal thickness and thinnest corneal location were assessed by Pentacam. Difference in mean in IOP readings was assessed by T-test. Correlation between each pair of devices was evaluated by Pearson correlation coefficient. The Bland-Altman analysis was used to assess intertonometer agreement. RESULTS: Seventeen eyes (10 patients) were evaluated. The mean IOP reading was 13.9 ± 3.68, 12.41 ± 2.87, and 14.29 ± 1.31 mmHg in GAT, ICare, and Tono-Pen group, respectively. There was a significant difference between IOP readings by GAT/ICare and Tono-Pen/ICare (p value: 0.032 and 0.002, respectively) with no significant difference between GAT/Tono-Pen (p value: 0.554). Mean difference in IOP measurements between GAT/ICare was 1.49 ± 2.61 mmHg, Tono-Pen/ICare was 1.89 ± 2.15 mmHg, and GAT/Tono-Pen was -0.39 ± 2.59 mmHg. There was no significant correlation between the difference in IOP readings among any pair of devices and CCC or TCL. The Bland-Altman analysis showed a reasonable agreement between any pair of tonometers.

Circular YAG laser anterior capsulotomy for anterior capsule contraction syndrome.

PURPOSE: To evaluate circular neodymium: YAG laser incision in cases of anterior capsular contraction syndrome (ACCS) by comparing it to radial Neodymium: YAG laser incision as for efficacy and safety. SETTINGS: Ophthalmology Department, Benha University Hospitals. METHODS: The study was done on 74 eyes of 66 patients with symptomatic ACCS. Eyes were randomly allocated to one of the two groups. Group I were treated by circular YAG laser anterior capsulotomy. Group II were treated by radial YAG laser anterior capsulotomy. All cases passed a full ophthalmic examination before laser capsulotomy, 1 week, 1 month, 6 months and 12 months after laser. RESULTS: BCVA at the 1st week and the 1st month after the capsulotomy did not show any significant difference between the two groups; however at the 3rd and 6th months, the circular group showed better visual acuity than the radial group (p 0.001 and < 0.001, respectively). All post-YAG UCVA and BCVA were significantly higher than pre-YAG UCVA and BCVA in both groups. IOL decentration occurred in two cases in radial group. Circular group had significantly higher percentage of contraction relief (94.4%) than the radial group (66.7%) with p value 0.003. CONCLUSION: Circular Nd:YAG anterior capsulotomy is more effective and safe than radial capsulotomy in 1-year follow-up.

Tear Martix Metalloproteinase-9 and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 in Post-Lasik Ectasia.

PURPOSE: To estimate the concentrations of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in the tear film of cases with post-Lasik ectasia (PLE) to spot any role of these mediators. SETTINGS: Ophthalmology department, Benha University hospitals, Egypt. METHODS: Twelve eyes of 12 patients with PLE, 30 eyes of 30 patients with KC, 25 eyes of 25 subjects with uncomplicated Lasik and finally 25 eyes of 25 healthy subjects as a control group were studied. Subjects with ocular surface diseases, previous ocular surgeries except for Lasik in PLE group and Lasik group, were excluded. All subjects had full ophthalmic examination and Pentacam imaging. The concentration of tear MMP-9 and TIMP-1 was measured by ELISA. RESULTS: Our results showed a significant elevation in the level of MMP-9 and a significant reduction in the level of TIMP-1 in tear samples from PLE cases (MMP-9 was 59.17 ± 28.15 ng/ml, and TIMP-1 was 110.3 ± 50.6 ng/ml) and also in KC cases (MMP-9 was 53.12 ± 17.35 ng/ml, and TIMP-1 was 105.8 ± 56.3 ng/ml) when compared to post-Lasik group (MMP-9 was 35.65 ± 17.32 ng/ml, and TIMP-1 was 155.2 ± 39.4 ng/ml) and control group (MMP-9 was 31.92 ± 20.78 ng/ml, and TIMP-1 was 162.5 ± 48.2 ng/ml). CONCLUSION: The results pointed to potential role of MMP-9 in the pathogenesis of PLE and also referred to a biochemical similarity between PLE and KC. More studies are needed in the future to investigate larger number of tear mediators.

Macular microstructure and visual acuity after macula-off retinal detachment repair by 23-gauge vitrectomy plus silicone endotamponade.

OBJECTIVES: To study the macular microstructural changes and their relationship to visual acuity (VA) following primary vitrectomy and silicone tamponade for retinal detachment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 40 cases with macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment underwent 23-gauge vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade. Cases with open globe injury and other ocular pathology were excluded. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging of the macula was done about 3 and 6 months postoperatively. OCT macular microstructural changes were recorded and correlated to VA. RESULTS: A total of 36 eyes were evaluated by statistical analysis. The best-corrected VA (BCVA) improved in 35 patients (97.2%) and remained unchanged in one patient (2.8%). Patients were divided into two groups based on 6-month postoperative BCVA: group I with 6-month postoperative BCVA of <1 LogMAR and group II with 6-month postoperative BCVA of ≥1 LogMAR. No disruption of retinal microstructure occurred in 70% of cases in group I. Mild disruption was found in 30% of group I and 25% of group II, whereas severe disruption was found in 75% of group II cases. Epiretinal membrane formed early in three eyes in group II and late in two eyes in group I. CONCLUSION: Macular microstructural changes detected by OCT is directly correlated to visual outcomes of retinal detachment repair.

Evaluation of femtosecond laser in flap and cap creation in corneal refractive surgery for myopia: a 3-year follow-up.

PURPOSE: To evaluate femtosecond laser in flap and cap creation, detect some corneal biomechanical changes, and evaluate dry eye after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK), Femto-LASIK, and small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) with 3-year follow-up. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Preoperative evaluation taken: full ophthalmic examination, Pentacam, ocular response analyzer, ocular surface disease index (OSDI), and tear breakup time (TBUT). LASIK flap was created using Moria microkeratome in 30 eyes (LASIK group) and using VisuMax femtosecond laser in 38 eyes (FS-LASIK group) and SMILE was done by VisuMax in 35 eyes (SMILE group). Postoperative evaluation: anterior segment optical coherence tomography to measure flap and cap thickness, ocular response analyzer to measure corneal hysteresis (CH) and corneal resistance factor (CRF), OSDI, and TBUT at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months after surgery. RESULTS: This study included 103 eyes of 103 patients. The mean deviation of central cap or flap thickness from intended was statistically higher in the LASIK group (P<0.001). Both CH and CRF showed significant reduction postoperatively but were significantly higher in the SMILE group during follow up (P<0.05). The mean OSDI scores were significantly elevated in all groups postoperatively (P<0.01) but were significantly lower in the SMILE group 3 months postoperatively (P<0.05). The mean TBUT was significantly decreased in all groups postoperatively (P<0.01) but was significantly higher in the SMILE group 6 months postoperatively (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Femtosecond laser is more accurate than microkeratomes. CH and CRF changes were least after SMILE. The three procedures led to significant dryness but for shorter duration with SMILE.

Combined Office-based Vergence Therapy and Home Therapy System for Convergence Insufficiency in Egyptian Children.

BACKGROUND: Convergence Insufficiency (CI) is a common binocular vision disorder characterized by exophoria more at near than at far, a receded Near Point of Convergence (NPC), and decreased Positive Fusional Vergence (PFV) at near. This disorder is often associated with several symptoms that may disturb the person's quality of life. Therefore, diagnosis and treatment of CI is a vital issue. OBJECTIVES: To compare therapeutic yield of Office Based Vision Therapy (OBVT) and combined OBVT with Home Therapy System (HTS) in patients with CI. METHODS: The study included 102 patients with age range of 7-13 years. All patients underwent Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS) scoring, estimation of Near Point of Convergence (NPC) and determination of Positive Fusional Vergence at near (PFV) using Sheard's criterion. Patients were randomly allocated in two groups: Group I: received Office-based Vision Therapy (OBVT) and Group II: received OBVT with home reinforcement using the Home Therapy System (HTS). At the end of 12th week of therapy; outcome was determined as Successful (all the following: CISS score of <16, NPC <6 cm and PFV >15Δ), Improved (CISS score of <16 or a 10 points-decrease and one of the following: NPC <6cm or improved by >4 cm, PFV >15Δ or increased by > 10Δ), Insufficient response (NPC <6cm or improved by >4 cm, PFV >15Δ or increased by > 10Δ) and non-responders. RESULTS: At the end of the 12th week of therapy, the applied therapeutic polices were successful in 48 patients (47.1%), the symptoms were improved in 30 patients (29.4%), improvement was insufficient in 13 patients (12.7%) and 11 patients (10.8%) were considered as non-responders. There was significantly higher frequency of patients with improved outcome in group II (86%) compared to group I (69.2%). CONCLUSION: OBVT with home supplement using HTS provided a high success rate, and it seems to be superior to OBVT alone in treatment of children with convergence insufficiency after 12-week course of therapy.

Anterior Chamber Changes After Implantable Collamer Lens Implantation in High Myopia Using Pentacam: A Prospective Study.

INTRODUCTION: The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes of the anterior chamber (AC) of the eye after implantable Collamer lens (ICL) implantation in high myopia by using the Pentacam. METHODS: The prospective study included 34 high myopic patients (34 eyes). All patients were treated with Visian implantable Collamer lens (ICL) (Staar Surgical Co.) implantation. The Pentacam (Oculus) was used for all cases preoperatively and 1, 3 and 6 months postoperatively. AC angle (ACA), AC volume (ACV), central AC depth (CACD), ICL vault, central corneal thickness (CCT), pupil diameter (PD), K readings and intraocular pressure (IOP) were recorded. RESULTS: Our study included 34 eyes of 34 patients, 20 females (59%) and 14 males (41%). Mean ACA was 36.93° ± 4.75° preoperatively, 25.17° ± 5.64° and 25.23° ± 6.05° 1 and 3 months postoperatively (p < 0.001). Mean ACV was 191.24 ± 11.18 mm3 preoperatively, 141.53 ± 16.77 and 142.11 ± 15.89 mm3 1 and 3 months postoperatively (p < 0.001). Mean CACD was 3.59 ± 0.17 mm preoperatively, 2.83 ± 0.24 mm and 2.96 ± 0.25 mm 1 and 3 months postoperatively (p < 0.001). The ICL vault decreased from 0.556 ± 0.033 mm 1 month postoperatively to 0.431 ± 0.056 mm 3 months postoperatively (p < 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences for any of the AC parameters among measurements taken 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. There were no statistically significant differences between preoperative and any postoperative measurements of CCT, PD and K readings. CONCLUSIONS: ICL implantation for correction of high myopia leads to significant changes in the anterior chamber angle, volume and depth and insignificant changes in the pupil diameter, CCT and K readings.